Periodontology is the branch of dentistry that focuses on the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of gum diseases. The gums play a critical role in maintaining overall oral health, and untreated gum problems can lead to severe tooth loss. Unlike general dentists, periodontists specialize in the health of the gums and jawbone. Depending on the patient’s needs, general dentists and periodontists often work together in a multidisciplinary approach.
What Are Gum Disease Treatments (Periodontology)?
Periodontology is the field of dentistry concerned with treating gum diseases and helping to maintain oral health. Gum diseases are infections that affect the soft and hard tissues around the teeth, starting with gingivitis (gum inflammation) and, if left untreated, progressing to periodontitis, which can lead to tooth loss.
Treatment methods in periodontology include professional cleaning, root planing, and regenerative, reconstructive, and mucogingival procedures. For instance, gum grafting may be used to restore receded gums to a healthy appearance.
Why Are Gum Disease Treatments Necessary?
Periodontal treatment can be required for several reasons, mainly to preserve and improve oral health by preventing or treating gum diseases. The main reasons for undergoing gum disease treatment include:
- Prevention of Gum Diseases: Periodontal treatments are used to prevent conditions like gingivitis and periodontitis.
- Prevention of Tooth Loss: Advanced gum disease can destroy the supporting bone tissue around the teeth, leading to tooth loss. Periodontal treatments aim to halt or slow this damage.
- Supporting Other Dental Treatments: Healthy gums are critical for the success of other dental procedures like prosthetics, bridges, and orthodontic treatments.
- Aesthetic Concerns: Chronic bad breath, gum recession, and other aesthetic issues caused by gum disease can be addressed with periodontal treatments, improving the patient’s quality of life.
- Systemic Health Connections: Research shows that gum diseases are linked to systemic conditions such as heart disease, diabetes, respiratory infections, and low birth weight. Maintaining gum health can positively impact overall health.
Types of Gum Diseases Requiring Treatment:
- Gum issues due to crooked teeth
- Gum recession
- Gum inflammation and swelling
- Gum overgrowth
- Discoloration or darkening of the gums
- Gums that cause teeth to appear short
- Excessive gum visibility when smiling
Types of Gum Disease Treatments
The type of treatment varies depending on the patient’s health, the stage of the disease, and their specific needs. Gum disease treatments fall into two categories: surgical and non-surgical. The most common treatments include:
- Professional Cleaning: Plaque and tartar buildup below the gum line can lead to gum disease. Professional cleaning helps eliminate this problem, and regular cleanings can prevent the onset of gum disease.
- Bone Grafting: This procedure uses bone grafts, either from the patient or synthetic material, to regenerate the bone damaged by periodontal disease. It helps the teeth to reattach to the jawbone.
- Pocket Reduction Surgery: During this procedure, the gums are lifted back to remove tartar buildup. Any pockets formed due to gum recession and tartar accumulation are cleaned.
- Scaling and Root Planing: When plaque and tartar build up beneath the gums, scaling and root planing are performed under local anesthesia. Plaque and tartar are scraped away from above and below the gum line, and rough spots on the tooth roots are smoothed to prevent bacteria from adhering.
- Soft Tissue Grafts: This procedure strengthens thin gums and fills in areas where gum recession has occurred, exposing the tooth roots.
- Gum Contouring (Gingivoplasty): This procedure reshapes the gums for aesthetic or functional purposes, enhancing the appearance and health of the gums.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Are gum disease treatments suitable for everyone?
In general, yes, but eligibility for treatment depends on the patient’s health status, the severity of the gum disease, and individual factors.
Are periodontal treatments painful?
Gum disease treatments are typically performed under local anesthesia, so patients usually do not experience pain during the procedure. After treatment, there may be mild discomfort or sensitivity, which can be managed with pain relievers prescribed by the dentist.
How long does gum disease treatment take?
The duration of treatment depends on the type of procedure, the patient’s condition, and the stage of the gum disease. Simple treatments may take a few minutes to an hour, while more complex or surgical procedures can last several hours. Some treatments require ongoing follow-up appointments to ensure proper healing and long-term results.
For more information or to determine the best gum treatment for you, it’s advisable to consult a periodontist or a qualified dental professional.
